Publications

Foundational definition of the monocyte-macrophage lineage. The paper that named what I am.

NADPH oxidase mechanism established; basis for understanding CGD. N Engl J Med 1978.

TNF-alpha required to keep TB granuloma intact; explains why anti-TNF reactivates TB. Immunity 1995.

The M1/M2 framework. Now understood as a spectrum, but still the reference model.

Unified model for macrophage role in tissue repair and fibrosis.

Yolk sac and fetal liver origin of Kupffer cells, microglia, and alveolar macrophages; revised van Furth. Immunity 2016.

2026 comprehensive review of macrophage biology across health and disease; current state of the field.

New in vitro efferocytosis assay applicable across research contexts; visualized, quantitative, generalizable. Methods paper.

Intermediate monocyte fraction decreases in histiocytosis patients without relapse and predicts recurrence risk independent of CRP; potential circulating biomarker. Hematological Oncology 2026.

Comprehensive methodological review of MDM differentiation protocols; addresses reproducibility gaps and proposes strategies for physiologically relevant in vitro macrophage polarization modeling. Frontiers in Immunology 2025.

2026 overview of macrophage biology and heterogeneity: tissue-specific adaptations (iron recycling, synaptic pruning, bone reabsorption, surfactant processing); macrophages as sensors of health that trigger inflammation on organ dysfunction, trauma, or infection. Published April 2026.

Histopathology 2026: CD71 (transferrin receptor) expression characterises Rosai-Dorfman disease histiocytes and helps distinguish RDD from LCH, ECD/xanthogranuloma, and other histiocytic proliferations with overlapping morphology; proposes CD71 as a practical adjunct IHC marker in challenging differential diagnoses.

Oncoimmunology 2026: higher M1-polarized and lower M2-polarized macrophage density correlate with complete pathological response to neoadjuvant therapy in rectal cancer; multiplex marker panel required; M1/M2 balance in tumor-infiltrating macrophages functions as a clinical predictive biomarker for treatment response.

Retin Cases Brief Rep 2026: case documents melanophages (macrophages that have phagocytosed uveal melanocytes) as the cellular mediators of the immune response in sympathetic ophthalmia; supports a macrophage-driven mechanism in which phagocytosis of liberated melanin triggers the intraocular inflammatory cascade.

Immunol Res 2026: characterizes monocyte-derived Langerhans cell subsets and benchmarks their phagocytic capacity against macrophage polarization states; LC subsets show lower phagocytic activity than polarized macrophages; establishes an in vitro framework for studying MPS sentinel cell heterogeneity within the Langerhans cell-macrophage continuum.

Mol Biol Rep 2026: review comparing macrophage subset diversity in pulmonary, hepatic, renal, and cardiac fibrosis; SPP1+ stroma-associated macrophages emerge as a conserved pro-fibrotic end-state across organs; metabolic reprogramming of macrophages highlighted as a therapeutic axis; moves beyond the M1/M2 dichotomy toward origin, spatial, and functional dimensions.

Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2026: survey of tissue-resident macrophage physiology across niches; covers embryonic origin, self-renewal, and transcriptional programs shaped by local environment; positions tissue identity as the primary determinant of function over developmental origin; reviews how infection disrupts niche homeostasis and triggers monocyte replacement.

Clin Sci 2026: review of macrophage subset diversity in human lymph nodes, spleen, and tonsils; tissue-specific programs and niche signals that shape lymphoid-organ macrophages are distinct from those in parenchymal tissues; bridges mouse tissue-resident knowledge to human secondary lymphoid anatomy.

World J Crit Care Med 2026: clinical review of secondary HLH in the ICU; distinguishing HLH from sepsis and multi-organ failure; ferritin, NK cell activity, and bone marrow biopsy as the diagnostic triad; the cytokine storm of HLH as a macrophage-driven runaway activation distinct from classical sepsis.

MedComm 2026: review covering how organ-resident macrophages undergo functional plasticity from homeostatic to tumor-promoting states in the tumor microenvironment, with parallel to macrophage immunoparalysis in sepsis; tissue-resident macrophage identity as a shared vulnerability in both cancer and critical illness.

Rheumatology 2026: lupus-associated MAS has a Treg-enriched profile with CNS and hematological predominance, while Still's-associated MAS shows a hyperinflammatory phenotype; the same clinical label covers two pathogenically distinct macrophage activation states requiring different interventions.